本文研究了含2,9,15,20和27％Cr白口铸铁的磨料磨损耐磨性和断裂韧性。这五种铸铁的共晶碳化物分数保持不变,在20—25％范围内。用热处理得到马氏体和奥氏体两种基体。结果表明,Cr/C增加时,碳化物从M_3C转变为M_7C_3,M_7C_3本身的硬度也随Cr/C而提高,碳化物的形貌由连续网状转变为杆状或板状。这些特征均对耐磨性和韧性有利。销-盘磨损试验和湿式橡胶轮试验结果指出,只有当碳化物能保护基体,上述这些有利的特征才能表现出来,Cr/C的提高能有效地提高耐磨性。
Abrasive wear resistance and fracturetoughness of white cast irons containing 2, 9, 15, 20 and 27 wt-%Cr have been investigated. Different contents of Cr and C have been added to the irons to keep the eutectic carbide constant (20—25%). Martensitic and austenitic matrices have been obtained by means of heat treatment. The results show that M_3C will transform to M_7C_3 and the microhardness of M_7C_3 itself will increase while the Cr/C ratio in iron increases. Meanwhile, the morph01ogy of carbides changes from Continuous network to rod or plate-like. All these make the carbides protect the matrices effectively, and improve the abrasive wear resistance of materials in pin-disc and wet rubber wheel wear tests. Wear resistance and fracture toughness have been discussed combinedly, that gives a general guide for designing and choosing wear resistant materials.
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