制备了一系列甲烷选择氧化制甲醛的Mo/ZrO2催化剂.采用催化剂性能评价、BET比表面积测定、XRD、共焦显微激光拉曼光谱、H2-TPR和XPS等方法研究比较了不同Mo担载量催化剂的性能及其结构和性质. 实验结果表明: Mo/ZrO2催化剂具有催化选择氧化甲烷制甲醛的性能,且对甲醛有较高的选择性. 在所考察的范围内,随着催化剂Mo担载量的增加,甲烷的转化率增加,甲醛的选择性增加,甲醛的比活性增加. 随着反应温度的升高,甲烷的转化率增加,甲醛的选择性降低,甲醛比活性升高. Mo/ZrO2催化剂中主要含有ZrO2和Zr(MoO4)2. 催化剂的性能和性质与催化剂中Zr(MoO4)2的性质密切相关. 随着Mo担载量的增加,Zr(MoO4)2晶粒尺寸增大,并且其含量增加; ZrO2晶粒尺寸基本不变. Zr(MoO4)2晶粒尺寸增大和含量增加导致催化剂的比表面积降低,使甲烷选择氧化生成甲醛的钼氧物种增多,催化剂的还原温度升高和表面Mo的配位不饱和程度降低. 从而使得Mo含量较高的催化剂(12%Mo/ZrO2)具有较高的甲烷选择氧化生成甲醛的活性.
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