凝胶注模成型工艺的关键在于制备低粘度高固相体积含量的陶瓷浆料.本文以四甲基氢氧化铵(TMAH)溶液为分散剂制备氮化硅陶瓷浆料,研究了pH值、分散剂含量、助烧剂含量以及固相体积含量对氮化硅浆料流变性的影响;测定了凝胶注模成型素坯以及烧结体的力学性能.研究结果表明:当pH＝10.5,分散剂加入量为6%(相对于氮化硅固相体积比),助烧剂加入量为10%(质量分数)时,浆料具有最好的流变性.根据以上制备的工艺参数,制备得到固相体积含量大于50%,具有良好流变性的浆料.铸模成型干燥后,素坯的抗弯强度达27MPa;常压烧结后氮化硅陶瓷具有优异的力学性能,其抗弯强度为730 MPa,断裂韧性高达8.8 MPa·m1/2.
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