以一台车用电控高压共轨柴油机为样机，研究了柴油机恒转速增转矩、恒转矩增转速两类典型瞬变工况的排气烟度、颗粒数量、氮氧化物NOx等排放特性。结果表明，增转矩瞬变工况下，柴油机烟度值均呈现先升高、后降低、再趋于稳定的特点，中等转速的烟度值变化剧烈。颗粒数量瞬时升高后，逐渐降低并趋于稳定，中高转速瞬时颗粒数量变化显著。NOx排放在瞬变过程初期就迅速上升，并趋于稳定。增转速瞬变工况下，柴油机排气烟度在初始阶段迅速上升，后逐渐下降，但中低转矩时变化不显著。高转矩时颗粒数量初期出现一个尖峰后迅速下降，而低转矩时颗粒数量持续增加且较高。NOx排放呈现先增加、后迅速下降的特点，表明了转速瞬变过程对缸内燃烧过程的复杂影响。
In this paper, emissions from a vehicle diesel engine during two kinds of transient operating conditions （Increasing torque at constant speeds, and increasing speed at constant torques） were studied. The results show the exhaust smoke of the engine increases first and then decreases at constant speed transient operating conditions, and the smoke variation at middle engine speeds is sharp. The particle number increases in the early stage, and descend at the later stage, and the change in transient particle under middle and high speeds is obvious. Nitrogen oxides （NOx） emissions rise quickly at the initial stage, and then get stable. The exhaust smoke of the engine under constant torque transient operating conditions ascends at the early phase, but is not distinct at middle and low torques. The particle number increases in the early stage and has a peak value, and then fall quickly, but the particle number at low torque increases continuously and keeps high value. NOx emissions go up and then decline quickly at the early stage, and it reflects the speed changing process has complex effects on the combustion of diesel engines.
参考文献
| [1] | 韩永强,刘忠长,程鹏,刘巽俊.柴油机恒转矩增转速瞬态工况的烟度及燃烧特性分析[J].内燃机学报,2003(05):293-297. |
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