主要从Ni及部分常用Ni基合金(Ni-、Ni-W、Ni-Cr、Ni-Co等)的电沉积工艺、所得镀层组织结构及性能特点等方面,综述了不同的电沉积工艺对镀层组织结构和耐蚀性、耐磨性的影响,以及后续的处理工艺对镀层组织及性能的影响.镀液的组成、pH值及电沉积时的电流密度和温度等因素均会对电沉积的电流效率、镀层成分及组织结构造成显著影响,影响因素较为复杂,因镀液体系的不同而异.镀后热处理通常能够有效消除镀层应力,改善微观裂纹,并在一定程度上提高镀层硬度.还以Ni及其合金的电沉积机理和合金镀层的应用前景为出发点,提出了电沉积Ni基合金的未来研究方向.
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