要发挥碳纳米管的优异性能,如何均匀分散碳纳米管是首先要解决的关键性问题.通过研究碳纳米管的团聚体形态,看出碳纳米管团聚体为一维纳米线团聚态,比普通颗粒粉体的零维团聚态更复杂.碳纳米管分散方法大体上分为物理法与化学法两大类,对比研究碳纳米管的各种分散方法,分析碳纳米管的分散机理,提出了均匀分散碳纳米管要满足3个必要条件:打散碳纳米管团聚体、剪断长碳纳米管、保持碳纳米管分散状态.剪切挤出分散法可以较好地满足这3个条件,制备出均匀分散的碳纳米管复合粉体.
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