合成了一种长链季铵盐类化合物,将其用作抗静电刑添加到软质聚氯乙稀(PVC)材料中,测试了材料的表面电阻,并采用扫描电子显微镜研究了其微观结构.结果表明,随合成长链季铵盐的添加量增大,PVC材料的表面电阻率降低,较小的添加量(4.5%)即可使材料的表面电阻率降低至3.0×10~8Ω以下,达到了煤矿行业对高分子材料抗静电性能的要求.在上述抗静电PVC材料中添加一定量的聚氧化乙烯(PEO),可以降低抗静电材料对环境湿度的依赖性,并提高PVC材料的抗静电性能,且放置180 d后该材料仍具有良好的抗静电性能.
A quaternary ammonium salt compound with a long chain of 12 carbon atoms was synthesized and used as an antistatic agent to be added into plasticized poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), while the structure and properties of such PVC materials were studied by surface resistivity, mechanical property and scanning electronic microscope tests. The results show that with the content of the synthetic compound, the surface resistivity of PVC materials is decreased. While the content of the synthetic compound reaches 4.5%, the surface resistivity of PVC materials is reduced below 3.0 × 10~8Ω. When a small amount of poly(ethylene oxide) added, the surface resistivity of PVC materials is not sensitive to atmospheric humidity and further reduced. After 180 days, the PVC materials still have low surface resistivity.
参考文献
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