在聚乙二醇20000(PEG)水溶液中,以(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵(DMMC)和丙烯酰胺(AM)为单体原料、聚(2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基)三甲基氯化铵(PDMC)为稳定剂,制备了稳定型阳离子聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)双水相体系.重点探讨了阳离子单体DMMC浓度、分散介质PEG浓度和稳定剂PDMC用量对体系的黏度及共聚物相对分子质量的影响,并利用激光粒度仪测定了共聚物颗粒大小及其粒度分布.结果表明,CPAM双水相聚合体系能避免分散聚合黏度剧增的过程,反应始终平稳进行.制备稳定CPAM双水相体系的适宜条件是:ω(DMMC)为8%～15%(单体)、ω(PEG)为15%～25%、ω(PDMC)为0.5%～1.0%.
Aqueous two-phase copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride(DMMC) was carried out in polyethylene glycol 20000 (PEG) aqueous solution and with 2, 2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (V-50) as the initiator and poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride) (PDMC) as the stabilizer. The particle size and size distribution were'determined by laser particle size analyzer. The effects of the concentrations of the DMMC, the PDMC and the PEG on the viscosity of the cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) aqueous two-phase copolymerization system and the relative molecular weight of the copolymer were investigated. The results indicate that the CPAM aqueous two-phase copolymerization can avoid the Wessenberg effect in the dispersion polymerization and react smoothly and successfully. The reaction conditions for obtaining the stable aqueous two-phase copolymerization system are as follows: ω (DMMC) = 8 % ～ 15 % (monomer), ω (PEG) = 15%～25% and ω(PDMC)=0.5% ～1.0%.
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