以硝酸锌Zn(NO3)2·6H2O和六次甲基四胺(HMT)为原料,通过水热法制备出氧化锌纳米棒,研究了反应时间和冷却时间对产物形貌和尺寸的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、光致发光谱(PL)、紫外-可见光谱、红外光谱(FT-IR)表征产物的结构和性能.结果表明,反应时间为6 h和急速冷却至室温条件下合成样品为六方纤锌矿氧化锌纳米棒,平均直径为300 nm;样品具有良好的结晶质量和发光性能,样品在200～400nm有较强的紫外吸收性能;FT-IR图谱表明产物在430 cm-1左右出现了Zn-O特征吸收峰,并有所红移;样品的开启场强为2.2 V/μm,场增强因子为2550,当场强为4.75 V/μm时,电流密度可以达到0.7 mA/cm2,是一种性能优良的冷阴极电子发射源.
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