选择5因素4水平的L16(45)正交试验,以正硅酸乙酯(tetraethoxysilane,TEOS)为原料,采用酸碱两步催化溶胶-凝胶法和常压干燥制备了SiO2气凝胶,分析了正交实验因素对结果的影响,并对气凝胶的形貌、表面基团、疏水性、孔结构进行了表征.实验结果表明:表面改性对制备低密度SiO2气凝胶影响最大,正交试验制备得到最优的SiO2气凝胶胶块密度为0.112g/cm3,疏水接触角为153.2°,比表面积为973.4 m2/g,孔体积为2.96 cm3/g,具有纳米介孔结构.
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