目的构建骨形成蛋白2(Bone morphogenetic proteins2,BMP-2)基因修饰的β磷酸三钙(βtricalcium phosphate,β-TCP)/胶原复合支架材料,探讨其体内修复大鼠临界颅骨缺损的效果,评价其作为骨缺损修复材料的性能.方法 制备纳米级多孔3-TCP/胶原支架,并负载100μg BMP-2质粒DNA形成基因修饰的支架材料.将24只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为BMP-2基因修饰的β-TCP/胶原支架组(n=8),3-TCP/胶原支架组(n=8),空白组(n=8).在大鼠颅骨顶部建立两个直径5mm的临界性骨缺损,植入材料后6周、12周取样本大体观察,组织学观察,免疫组织化学检测,并进行骨组织测量分析.结果 组织学观察可见12周时,材料已完全降解.BMP-2基因修饰支架组6周时,骨缺损区成骨活跃形成编织骨；12周时,骨缺损已基本愈合,新生骨组织逐渐成熟呈板层状,与宿主骨形成骨性连接.而单纯支架组6周时,骨缺损中心区为少量岛状骨组织；12周时,新生骨组织连接呈片状,骨缺损未完全愈合.免疫组化检测显示:6周和12周时,BMP-2基因修饰支架组中BMP-2表达均强于单纯支架组和空白组.骨组织形态计量分析显示BMP-2基因修饰支架组成骨质量和成骨效率明显高于单纯支架组和空白组(P＜0.05).结论 BMP 2基因修饰的β-TCP/胶原复合材料具有良好的生物相容性,骨诱导和骨传导性佳,是很有潜力的新型骨缺损修复材料.
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