以三氧化二镍(Ni2O3)为阻燃协效剂,采用聚磷酸铵(APP)和双季戊四醇(DPER)复配阻燃剂,制备了具有良好阻燃性能的膨胀阻燃聚丙烯.氧指数(LOI)、垂直燃烧测试(UL-94)表明,添加1％(质量分数,下同)Ni2O3,膨胀阻燃体系LOI达到28.2％,UL-94测试通过V-0级;热失重(TGA)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及X射线衍射分析(XRD)表明,Ni2O3使聚磷酸铵热失重速率明显降低,高温残余量显著提高;高温时,Ni2O3分解为NiO,与APP分解产生的多聚磷酸发生化学反应,形成稳定的偏磷酸镍盐,提高了多聚磷酸的热稳定性.研究表明,NiO阻止多聚磷酸分解产生P2O5的过程,使更多的多聚磷酸参与酯化反应,促进体系燃烧成炭,从而形成更加致密的膨胀炭层,提高了材料的阻燃性能.
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