研究了发动机缸体用灰铸铁材料在室温、150℃和250℃下的低周疲劳行为.根据对拉伸应力-应变、循环应力-应变和应变-疲劳寿命数据的分析,给出了疲劳参数.结果表明:在高温下灰铸铁的弹性模量、强度降低,延伸率增大;循环应力响应表明,在较小的应变幅下经历初期循环硬化、循环软化、断裂,而在高温和较大应变幅下几乎没有硬化阶段,循环软化至断裂;其室温疲劳寿命最长,150*℃最短,250℃居中.微观分析结果表明:疲劳裂纹萌生于片状石墨尖端、夹杂物及孔洞处,沿石墨扩展,夹杂物导致分支裂纹及裂纹偏转,延缓裂纹的扩展;灰铸铁的疲劳断裂方式为沿晶和准解理断裂的复合机制,存在扇形解理面和二次裂纹,解理台阶上观察到疲劳条带和韧窝.
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