采用球形尿素颗粒预造孔工艺结合梯级粉末烧结方法制备出孔形规则、孔径大的轻质高 强多孔NiTi形状记忆合金. 通过控制造孔剂(尿素)的含量可有效调节多孔合金的孔隙特征, 获得孔径均匀、孔形圆整和孔隙率可控的样品, 其中孔径为296-732 um, 孔隙率为31%-61.6%; 尿素形状和尺寸对多孔合金的孔隙特征有决定性影响, 具 有几何形态遗传性; 尿素对多孔NiTi合金的组成相影响很小, 相变仍具有马氏体相变特征; 合金具有优良的力学性能和稳定的线性超弹性.
Low density and high strength NiTi shape memory alloys with regular pore shape and large pore size were fabricated by using temporary space-holder, CO(NH2)2, and a conventional sintering process. The pore characteristics can be tailored by adjusting urea particle features and the amount added, and the fabricated porous NiTi alloys show uniform pore size and regular pore shape with pore size and porosity in the ranges of 296-732 µm and 31%-61.6%, respectively. The results manifest that urea particle shape and size have a crucial influence on pore characteristics of porous alloys and show a geometrical heredity effect. The use of urea hardly has any effect on phase constituents of porous NiTi alloys and the martensitic transformation exhibits early. The fabricated porous NiTi alloys show excellent mechanical properties including a steady linear superelasticity.
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