对5Cr2NiMoVSi钢进行常规油淬和模拟300×300mm截面模具油淬时心部的冷速进行淬火处理,利用透射电镜等手段分析了它们的淬、回火组织.结果表明,淬态下,常规处理试样以板条马氏体为主;模拟处理试样主要是B_I型贝氏体.后者与低碳低合金钢中的B_I型贝氏体不一样,表现出较高的回火稳定性.在高温回火后,大量残余奥氏体转变,生成粗大链状分布的M_3C,是大截面模具回火脆化的主要原因.
To investigate the structure of quenched and tempered large section die, the cooling rate simulating that of central part for 300×300mm section has been used during quenching. As a comparision, ordinary quenching process has also been carried out. TEM observation shows that the structure of the latter is mainly lath martensite, and that of the former is B_I -bainite, which possesses higher temper stability than those found in low carbon low alloy steels. Transforming of great quantity of retain austenite and creating of chain-like distributed M_3C are considered as the main reason of the embrittement for the large section dies.
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