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This study discusses the welding properties for the components of an aluminum-alloy ultra-high vacuum chamber and beam position monitor (BPM). The welding parameters include the modes of laser output (pulsed wave and continuous wave), welding speed, shield gas flow, welding bead structure, and focusing distance. The results showed that the welding defect rate of the pulsed wave type was larger than that of the continuous wave type. The crack in the welding bead reduced with decreasing welding speed. The fusion penetration of the welding bead was higher when the focusing distance was long enough to deepen into the welding material. Weld morphology during the experimental process revealed the proper flow of shield gas.The adaptability design of the welding bead structure in the preceding processes had more effect on overall welding structure and morphology.