利用SEM对独角仙鞘翅的微结构进行了观测,并借助纳米压痕仪测试分析了鞘翅的纳米力学性能.SEM试验表明独角仙鞘翅是一种具有拱形空腔的中空轻质生物复合材料,其断面占空比为26.36％.鞘翅由外表皮和内表皮构成,而内表皮又通过11～12层纤维层采用45°角正交叠加铺设,层间辅以许多微纤维丝交叉连接方式编织在一起,形成层合板结构.试验测得鞘翅外表皮纳米力学性能分别为:硬度(0.28±0.13) GPa,弹性模量(5.62±1.21) GPa,接触刚度(1.67±0.14)×104 N/m.其纳米力学性能呈现拓扑分布规律,由头部至尾部区域有增大趋势.试验测试结果为后续研究中设计一种基于独角仙鞘翅的新型轻质仿生结构提供了仿生学模型和理论参考.
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