放电等离子烧结(Spark Plasma Sintering,简称SPS)是一种新的固体压缩烧结技术,它具有升温速度快、烧结时间短、冷却速度快、外加压力和烧结气氛可控、节能环保等鲜明特点,成为材料发展和组织优化的有力工具.SPS在材料制备中的应用越来越广泛,但现阶段对SPS烧结过程的认识远未形成统一观点.SPS过程中颈部的形成是一个关键的阶段,影响到整个烧结过程.本文针对火花等离子烧结颈部的形成机理进行分析认为:(1)在SPS烧结非金属材料过程中颈部的形成机理可能是塑性变形和蠕变;(2)导电材料烧结颈部形成过程中可能有火花放电现象发生,其主要机理可能是熔化和凝固、塑性变形、蠕变.同时,本文以纯铜为例,对其SPS烧结过程和结果进行了分析,对烧结过程中颈部的形成情况进行观察,并给出了解释.
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