采用醇热法在多元醇体系下加入微量氯化钠,以硝酸银为银源,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为分散剂成功合成了银纳米棒.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM),X射线能量色散分析仪(XEDS)和紫外-可见吸收光谱仪对所制备的样品进行了表征.结果表明,所制备的银纳米棒为结晶良好的面心立方结构,没有杂峰出现,晶格畸变表现为晶格收缩.样品为一维棒状结构,直径大约在几十纳米至200 nm之间,长度分布在几个微米至十几微米范围,分散性良好,长径比较高.样品的纯度比较高,在397 nm和350 nm处出现了两个表面等离子体共振吸收峰.并分析了银纳米棒的形成机理.
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