研究了退火温度对冷静液挤压铜包铝线材组织和性能的影响规律, 在界面断裂形式分析的基础上探讨了其 作用机理. 结果表明: 直径为6 mm的冷静液挤压态铜包铝线材合理的退火温度为350 ℃. 低于200 ℃退火时, 纯 Cu包覆层只发生回复, 复合线材的力学性能得以部分恢复; 350 ℃退火时, 铜层再结晶基本完成, 复合线材的抗 拉强度降到最低, 延伸率则达到最高; 400 ℃退火时, 铜层晶粒开始长大, 复合线材的延伸率开始劣化. 界面结 合强度随温度的变化呈先增加后降低的趋势, 而界面的断裂则由低温退火时的铝基体塑性断裂转变为高温退火 后Cu/Al界面的脆性断裂.
The effects of annealing temperature on the microstructures and properties of copper cladding aluminum wires fabricated by cold hydrostatic extrusion were investigated, and the influence mechanism was discussed based on the different interface fracture modes. The experimental results show that the appropriate annealing temperature is 350℃ for as-extruded wires. At a annealing temperature below 200℃, a recovery process is dominant in copper sheath and the mechanical properties partly recovered. The recrystallization of copper proceeded sufficiently at 350℃, the tensile strength reaches a minimum and the elongation gets its maximum. The growth of copper grains occurred during annealing at 400℃, which decreases the elongation of the alloy. With the annealing temperature increased, the interface strength of the Cu/Al bimetal wires increased to a maximum value and then decreased, the interface fracture location transformed from Al-side to the Cu/Al interface and at the same time the fracture mode transformed from ductile to brittle.
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