利用多晶X射线面探测器衍射系统对304奥氏体不锈钢板在拉伸状态下的应力及其分布进行了检测分析.结果表明,在受到单向拉伸时原有的表面平均压应力σxx减小,σyy增加;在受到双向拉伸时,原有的表面平均压应力σxx和σyy均减小;最大压应力也是如此变化;缺陷(人为制造的方孔和圆孔)对平均应力影响不大,对最大应力影响较大.通过有限元模拟计算,实验结果和模拟结果的应力分布和变化趋势符合较好.
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