用SEM和XRD观察和分析了铝含量和合金化时间不同的热镀锌合金化(GA)镀层的表面形貌和组织,用双杯突测量了GA镀层的抗粉化量.结果表明,锌液中铝含量小于0.16 mass％的热镀锌镀层合金化时,镀层表面的Ra值小于1.0 μm,且镀层的粉化量小于30 mg/m2,满足汽车板的表面质量要求;此后随着锌液中铝含量的增加,GA镀层的粉化量迅速增加,说明GA镀层的抗粉化性能除与镀层中的铁含量有关外,还与镀层表面的粗糙度有关.锌液中铝含量为0.22 mass％热镀锌镀层合金化时,由于Fe2 Al5 Znx抑制层的抑制作用,镀层中的δ1k-相出现局部增多的现象,从而恶化了GA镀层的抗粉化性能.
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