采用粉末冶金电流直加热动态热压烧结工艺,制备了混合尺寸粒子增强SiCp/Fe复合材料,研究了四种不同尺寸增强粒子的混合对铁基复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明,合理地设计混合尺寸强化粒子利于提高铁基复合材料的力学性能,标称粒度为13μm与23μm的粒子组合,增强粒子体积含量10％时,小粒子与大粒子的最佳质量混合比为2∶1,而含量为20％时最佳为1:1.与13μm单尺寸颗粒增强SiCp/Fe复合材料相比,采用最佳比例混合尺寸粒子增强,10％ SiCp/Fe复合材料的抗拉强度提高了9.7％,而与23μm单尺寸颗粒增强复合材料相比,其抗拉强度提高了38.3％.混合尺寸粒子优良的增强作用是由于提高了复合材料的相对密度,减少增强粒子间的直接接触,有利于载荷从基体向强化粒子传递.
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