以炭纤维针刺毡为预制体,采用化学气相沉积法(CVI)和结合液相浸渍树脂或沥青法制备了热解炭为粗糙层与光滑层结构的准三维C/C复合材料,并研究了这些材料在0.6 MPa的模拟刹车压力下的摩擦磨损性能与磨损机理.研究表明:基体炭为粗糙层热解炭与树脂炭的C/C复合材料摩擦表面能形成较厚且连续的自润滑摩擦膜,摩擦稳定性最好,摩擦因数适中,氧化磨损小,磨损机理主要为膜的部分脱落、氧化磨损与相对较小的磨粒磨损;基体炭为光滑层热解炭与树脂炭或沥青炭的C/C复合材料摩擦表面形成的摩擦膜较薄且不连续,摩擦稳定性差,摩擦磨损较大,磨损机制主要为膜的部分脱落、磨粒磨损与更严重的氧化磨损;随着密度的升高,C/C复合材料摩擦稳定性增加,摩擦因数增加,磨损降低;基体炭为单一沥青炭的C/C复合材料,由于没有热解炭对纤维的保护,纤维断裂多,线性磨损尤其大,磨损机理主要为大量的磨粒磨损与氧化磨损.
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