对现有主要炼铁工艺的优缺点和研发的方向做了简要评述。讨论了中国炼铁工艺的差距和努力方向。在今后相当长时期内大型高炉流程仍将是主要产铁设备，高炉流程优化的目标是用足设计炉顶压力，进一步降低能耗，应通过开发以煤代焦的新技术，将大型高炉的入炉焦比降低到200 kg/t以下，节省焦炭等优质资源、改善环保。降低铁水成本，减少污染物排放量，实现炼焦厂、烧结厂的清洁生产，建设生态型钢铁企业。直接还原炼铁工艺的研发方向是加强研究粉煤加压气化生产合成煤气及利用炼钢炼焦剩余煤气，用于大中型直接还原竖炉或流化床生产优质直接还原铁。完善改进引进的COREX3000工艺，开发使用粉矿、粉煤的技术设备，开展创新非高炉炼铁技术，形成有中国特色的熔融还原工艺。
Advantages and disadvantages and research direction of present ironmaking processes are introduced with the gap between Chinese and advanced ironmaking technology. In the relatively long period to come blast furnace will still be the main ironmaking process. The optimization of blast furnace operation is to take full advantage of top gas pressure, replace coke by coal, reduce energy consumption, and reduce coke ratio to less than 200 kg/t. Reducing the cost of ironmaking and reducing pollution emissions, are helpful to realize clean production in cokemaking plant and sintering plant, and build up ecotype iron&steel corporations. The research direction of direct reduced iron is to strengthen the development of shaft furnace or fluidized bed facilities using syngas from fine coal pressurized gasification，and residual LDG/COG in the steel works. On the basis of COREX3000 process it is important to improve COREX process, develop the equipment working on fine iron ore and fine coal, and new nonblast furnace ironmaking technology, as a new smelting reduction process.
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