采用有限元法数值模拟了TiNi形状记忆合金(SMA)的低速冲击性能.考察马氏体相变过程中不同伪弹性模量和弹性应变极限对TiNi合金低速冲击性能的影响.结果表明,随着冲击速度的增加,4种材料的最大接触载荷和位移量都呈线性增加趋势;冲击速度相同时,3种不同伪弹性模量TiNi合金试样的最大接触载荷和位移量近似相等且都低于45#钢,TiNi合金试样产生的最大Von Mises应力和最大塑性应变都低于45#钢;超弹性模量为2.9 GPa的TiNi合金产生的最大Von Mises 应力和最大塑性应变均最低.TiNi形状记忆合金较低的超弹性模量和较大的弹性应变极限能够减小冲击过程中的最大Von Mises应力,抑制高塑性应变的产生并使塑性变形区域减小,从而提高TiNi合金的抗冲击性能.
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