残余应力对于型钢产品的使用性能有重要影响。应用X射线衍射方法对方形型钢的残余应力进行了测量，分析了残余应力在型钢各个部位的分布情况，探讨了不同成形工艺、尺寸、厚度材料生产的方形型钢产品残余应力分布的差异。研究结果表明型钢焊缝处的残余应力最大，残余应力在外表面为拉应力，内表面为压应力，不同成形工艺与外形尺寸对于残余应力的分布有较大影响。研究结果可为工艺设计人员和型钢使用人员提供有益的参考。
Residual stress is not only a key factor affecting the quality of steel member but also plays a significant role in determining rollformed members′ behavior and strength. An experimental study on residual stresses of rollformed shape with square section was conducted via Xray diffraction method. The distribution of residual stresses at different position in sections was measured and studied, and influence of different process, dimension, and thickness for producing square sections was analyzed. The experimental data shows the residual stresses in welding zone is the largest among all the other areas, and there is tensile stress on outer surface, and compressive stress on inner surface. Meanwhile, forming process and dimension have an significant effect on the distribution of residual stresses. The results are beneficial for technologist and designer to choose the right structure.
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