采用一步间歇式乳液聚合技术,通过向体系中添加不同种类的电解质合成了一系列不同粒径(90～350nm)的聚丙烯酸丁酯(PBA)乳液.研究了阳离子价态和半径以及阴离子种类对粒子聚并的影响.乳液的最终粒径随阳离子半径的增加而增加;当获得相同粒径的乳液时,乳液的电解质浓度和离子强度随阳离子价态升高而下降;对于不同类型阴离子,乳液的最终粒径随电解质溶液pH增加而减小.实验结果表明:电解质通过影响乳液的pH以及离子强度来影响乳液的稳定性,从而影响粒子的聚并.
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