单分散的胶体颗粒能自发排列成胶体阵列,其长程有序结构能获得许多特殊的性质.胶体阵列被用作制备可见光及近红外波长范围的光子晶体的基础.以其为模板制备的反蛋白石结构可拥有全光子禁带,为新一代光子器件开发和应用带来了希望.介绍了单分散胶体颗粒的主流制备方法,归纳总结了胶体阵列制备的几种方法和国内外最新的相关报道,简述了其在制备三维光子晶体领域的最新进展以及该领域国内外的研究进展.
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