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为改变硅生产工艺高污染、高能耗的现状,研究了在CaCl2熔盐中利用固体透氧膜法(SOM)直接电解SiO2制备单质Si,考察了电解电压、电解时间、熔盐温度等参数对电解效果的影响,采用电子扫描显微镜和X射线衍射分析了电解产物形貌及相组成.结果表明:1100℃熔盐中,3.5 V电压下电解2 h,可制得纯Si,电流效率为89%,能耗为15 kW·h/kg;电解中间产物相分析表明,电解过程中有CaSiO3生成,CaSiO3脱氧生成Ca、Si;相比FFC法,SOM法可缩短50%反应时间,因此具有更好的工业化应用前景.

参考文献

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