系统介绍了陶瓷材料固相烧结理论的历史和研究进展,综述了用来描述烧结前期、中期和后期的烧结理论和烧结模型.目前烧结理论大多局限于烧结全程的某一阶段,且只研究某一种扩散机制起主导作用,多数理论烧结模型不能完全反映真实烧结参数,烧结单元模型的定量描述不够完善,缺乏描述烧结全程的烧结模型,且大多研究局限于基础研究,如物质的传输机制、致密化过程、气孔和晶粒生长机制.因此,建立多种扩散机制耦合作用的全期烧结模型,进一步研究烧结动力学,用计算机模拟烧结的真实条件,建立能定量描述的烧结模型,是未来烧结理论研究的方向.
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