综述了国内外梯度功能材料(FGM)的研究现状,介绍了梯度功能材料的优化设计原则、制备工艺与特性评价,其中重点介绍了梯度功能材料制备工艺的基本原理和工艺方法,如粉末冶金法、气相沉积法、自蔓延高温合成法、热喷涂法、电沉积法、激光熔敷法等,分析了各种制备工艺技术存在的利弊,展望了梯度功能材料的发展前景与方向.
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