石墨烯具有独特的结构和优异的物理、化学性质,石墨烯材料的研究已成为相关研究领域的前沿和热点.石墨烯的质量、产量及应用与石墨烯的制备方法密切相关,当前石墨烯研究的最大瓶颈是石墨烯的大批量及高质量制备不能两者兼顾,其根源在于对各制备方法的基本原理还欠深入研究.介绍了石墨烯的各种制备方法及其相关的基本原理和特性,着重介绍了制备过程中石墨烯分离、形核和生长、还原的基本过程、步骤和机理,并展望了今后石墨烯制备的基本原理及相关研究的前景和发展趋势.
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