采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、磁性测量和力学分析等手段,研究了304奥氏体不锈钢形变过程中发生开裂的原因,研究发现开裂是由于形变过程中发生了马氏体相变,导致塑性变差引起的,开裂处的磁性率达到了22.9%。发生马氏体转变的原因是由于w（Ni）低于标准下限,其组织稳定性下降,在形变过程中诱发了马氏体转变。
Combined with practical samples, cracking reasons of 304 austenitic stainless steel during deformation are investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic measurements, mechanical analysis and other methods. It is showed that martensititic phase transformation during the deformation leads to plastic variation which causes the cracking. The occurrence of martensitic transformation is due to the Ni content （7. 91%） which is lower than the minimum standard. As the microstructure stability becomes worse, martensitic transformation takes place during the deformation.
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