半固态成形是21世纪最具潜力的先进制造技术之一.分析了国内外半固态变形行为研究进展,重点阐述了近似单相本构关系模型、两相本构关系模型、宏观-微观耦合本构关系模型的特点及应用,特别是笔者提出的宏观-微观耦合本构关系模型反映了工艺参数和微观组织参数对半固态流变应力的影响.同时,笔者将新型宏观-微观耦合本构关系模型应用于Al-4Cu-Mg合金半固态反挤压过程的有限元数值模拟,获得了工艺参数对应力应变、温度、晶粒尺寸、液相体分数和挤压载荷等的影响规律,数值模拟结果与半固态实验结果基本一致.
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