一阶回转曲线（firstorder reversal curve 简称FORC）图谱法被视为研究滞后效应领域中的“指纹鉴定”，受到了地质学界和物理学界的科学家极大的关注。在磁滞后系统中，FORC图谱可以相当敏感地表征磁性颗粒间的交换作用和矫顽力的分布情况，并且能够对磁化过程中的动态问题如不同的磁场变化速率等情况做出精确的分析。FORC图谱法也可应用到其它有滞后效应的领域如铁电滞后、热滞后、弹性滞后等。文章将从磁性领域入手，通过比较Preisach模型引入FORC图谱法，利用Takacs模型验证FORC图谱的计算过程，并列举出FORC图谱在纳米双相磁性材料的应用。
The firstorder reversal curve (FORC) diagrams is regarded as a topic of interest in both physics and geology, and scientists take this method as "fingerprint" of hysteresis. For hysteresis system, FORC diagram have been used for characterization of interactions between particles and coercivity distribution etc, and lead to a detailed understand of kinetic effects in processes of magnetization, e.g. varied rate of applied magnetic filed. FORC diagrams can also be used in ferroelectric, thermal and elastic hysteresis systems. The method of FORC diagram in magnetic systems is introduced by comparing with Preisach models. The process of gaining FORC diagram by using Takacs model is validated. The application of FORC diagrams in nanocrystalline composite magnetic materials is offered.
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