以AR中间相沥青为原料,在4、5、7、10 MPa下用恒压自发泡工艺制备泡沫炭生料,经炭化、石墨化处理后分别获得炭化泡沫炭和石墨化泡沫炭.采用SEM和OM观察泡沫炭的微观形貌,采用XRD分析泡沫炭的晶体结构,并测定泡沫炭的压缩强度和热导率.结果表明:随着发泡压力的升高,孔泡变得均匀,韧带片层结构变得规则有序,但发泡压力增大到一定程度后,闭孔增多,韧带有序结构变差;当发泡压力为10 MPa时,炭化和石墨化试样的压缩强度达到最大值,分别为8.16 MPa和3.42 MPa;当发泡压力为7 MPa时,石墨化试样的热导率达到最大值,61.0 W/(m-K).
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