在Gleeble-1500热模拟试验机上, 通过高温压缩实验对316L不锈钢的热加工硬化特点和机制进行了研究. 根据Ludwik幂函数模型对实验数据进行了非线性拟合, 并用 Crussard-Jaoul分析法计算了Ludwik幂函数模型的n值. 实验结果表明: 316L不锈钢在热变形过程中易发生加工硬化, 真应力-应变曲线上未出现应力峰值; 热变形过程中发生了部分动态再结晶, 这一不完全的软化机制无法抵消热加工硬化的作用, 另外在热变形过程中发生了孪生行为, 这是热加工硬化的主要机制之一.
The characteristics of hot work-hardening for 316L stainless steel have been systematically studied through high temperature compression tests on the Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation testing machine. According to Ludwik true stress-strain model, the experimental data has been regressed by using nonlinear fitting method, and the $n$ value in Ludwik model, a comprehensive index which reflects the competitive result between work-hardening and softening, has been calculated with Crussard-Jaoul method. The dynamic recrystallization and twinning were observed by OM and TEM. The experiments reveal that 316L stainless steel is easy to work-hardening during hot deformation, and deformation rate can effect nC-J-ε curves and variation law; There is no peak stress on its true stress-strain curves, but partial dynamic recrystallization has occurred during hot working process. This incomplete softening mechanism can't counteract the effect of hot work-hardening, so the true stress-strain curves still rise with deformation increasing; In addition, twinning occurred during hot working is one of the major mechanisms of hot work-hardening.
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