在5 K·mm-1温度梯度下,选用1,5,10 mm·min-1三种拉速率对成分为96.0%Al,1.0%Ni,3.0%Y的三元共晶合金进行定向凝固实验,研究下拉速率对合金组织演化的影响规律.通过X射线衍射和光学显微镜分析表明合金由α-Al相、Al3Y相、Al23Ni6Y4相三相组成.当下拉速率为1mm·min-1时,合金组织呈现三相共晶结构,纵截面有定向凝固趋势;下拉速率为5和10mm·min-1时,合金组织演变成两种二相共晶:一种是Al3Y相与α-Al相形成菊花状的不规则二相共晶组织,另一种是Al23Ni6Y4相与α-Al相形成层片状的规则二相共晶组织,纵截面上均有明显的定向凝固特征.
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