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通过正交试验和单因素试验确定了水性聚氨酯(WPU)的合成工艺条件:异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)与聚丙二醇(PPG-1000)的反应条件为85°C/2 h,加入二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)和1,4?丁二醇(BDO)后的反应条件为80°C/2 h , n(─NCO)/n(─OH)=(3.8~4.6)∶1,DMPA质量分数为5%~6%,BDO质量分数为8%~9%。通过红外光谱对合成的产物进行了表征,发现异氰酸酯基特征峰消失,氨基甲酸酯键吸收峰形成,说明合成了水性聚氨酯。所合成的水性聚氨酯乳液固含量为34%,具有较好的贮存稳定性。所得涂膜吸水率低(为15%),其耐水、耐碱和耐洗刷性能良好。

The process conditions for synthesis of water-based polyurethane (WPU) were determined by orthogonal test and single factor experiment. The conditions for reaction of isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) with polypropylene glycol (PPG-1000) are temperature 85 °C and time 2 h. After adding dimethylol propionic acid (DMPA) and 1,4-butanediol (BDO), the reaction conditions are temperature 80 °C, time 2 h. Other conditions are molar ratio of ─NCO to ─OH (3.8-4.6):1, DMPA 5wt%-6wt%, and BDO 8wt%-9wt%. The characterization of the product by infrared spectroscopy proves the successful synthesis of WPU due to the disappearance of the characteristic peak of isocyanate group and the formation of absorption peak of carbamate bond. The WPU emulsion has good storage stability with a solid content of 34%. The film obtained therefrom has low water absorption rate (only 15%), and good resistance to water, alkali, and scrubbing.

参考文献

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