金属材料及其合金的同系温度超过0.5时,蠕变成为材料变形的主导机理.钎料合金熔点较低,因而在极低温度下也可能发生蠕变变形.本文以Pb5Sn钎料为例,系统地测试了该钎料在-40℃～120℃范围内的蠕变特性,并提出了一套考虑更广温度、应力范围的钎料蠕变本构关系.数值仿真算例表明,在电子封装芯片可靠性评价中忽略钎料的低温蠕变可能导致结果的显著误差.
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