对固体有机物尿素、己内酰胺、乙酰胺以不同配比制备的尿素/己内酰胺、尿素/乙酰胺和乙酰胺/己内酰胺3种低温共熔溶剂进行了研究,并考察了其物理化学性质(熔点、电导率等).结果表明,随着物质的量比的不同,低共熔溶剂的熔点不同,最佳物质的量比分别为1∶3、1∶2和1∶1,在最佳物质的量比下的熔点分别为30℃、48℃和18℃.低温共熔溶剂的电导率在10-4～10-5 S/m数量级,随温度的升高,电导率增加,电导率与温度符合Arrhenius方程.IR测试结果显示,固体有机物各自分子内的氢键消失,形成了新的氢键.初步探讨了纤维素在3种体系中的溶解性能,结果显示,3种溶剂对纤维素有一定的溶解能力.通过分析得出,该类共熔体溶剂为酰胺类溶剂,主要通过其羰基上的氧原子和氨基上的氮原子与纤维素上的羟基形成氢键.IR和XRD测试结果表明,纤维素和再生纤维素有相似的结构,但纤维素的晶型从Ⅰ型转变为Ⅱ型.
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