以碱改性聚丙烯腈超滤膜为基膜,聚苯乙烯磺酸钠(PSS),聚苯乙烯磺酸钠-马来酸共聚物(PSS-co-MA),聚烯丙胺盐酸盐(PAH)为原料,采用动态自组装法制备了一种低压高通量荷正电纳滤膜.结果表明,动态自组装能极大地提高组装效率,效果优于静态自组装.组装双层数为2.5的纳滤膜在操作压力为0.2MPa时,对MgCl2的脱除率为90.41%,通量为23.80L/(m2·h), 当操作压力增加到0.8MPa后,通量增大到83.76L/(m2·h),对MgCl2的脱除率为91.04%,通量远大于目前商品化产品.所有纳滤膜以聚烯丙胺盐酸盐为最外层,呈现明显的荷正电特征,对高价阳离子盐的脱除率大于对低价阳离子盐的脱除率.改变组装层数、最外层聚烯丙胺盐酸盐浓度可以方便地调节纳滤膜的性能,所得产品在常规纳滤用盐浓度中使用时性能稳定.
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