用失重法、动电位扫描法和载波扫描法研究了七种季鏻盐化合物对1N盐酸中20~#碳钢的缓蚀作用以及季鏻盐分子结构对缓蚀效率的影响。结果表明,季鏻盐化合物是一种混合型缓蚀剂;含有两个磷原子的双鏻化合物的缓蚀效率高于单鏻化合物。在15～50℃范围内,溴化苄基三苯基鏻和1.4—双(溴化三苯基鏻)丁烷在碳钢/溶液界面的吸附遵循Bockris-Swinkels吸附等温式。计算了季鏻盐分子吸附的热力学数据。
Seven phosphonium salt compounds were synthesized as model substances in order to study the effect of molecular structure on inhibition efficiency. The inhibition of these compounds on corrosion of carbon steel in 1N HCl solution has been investigated by using the weight loss, potentiodynamic and double layer capacitance determination techniques. The experimental results show that the seven phosphonium salts all inhibit both the anodic and the cathodic processes of carbon steel in 1N HCl solution. The inhibition effect of bis-phosphonium salts was stronger than that of monophosphonium salts. The adsorption of benzyltriphenyl phosphonium bromide and 1, 4-di (triphenyl phosphonium bromide) butylane on carbon steel surface in 1N HCl at 25℃ followed Bockris-Swinkels isotherm. The adsorption free energies of phosphonium salts on carbon steel decreased with increasing temperature at 15～35℃ and increased with increasing temperature at 35～50℃. Therefore, two different entropy changes of adsorption and heats of adsorption were obtained. In addition, two apparent activation energies were calculated at different temperature ranges.
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