用粉末冶金方法制备Ni--Cr基自润滑复合材料, 研究了固体润滑剂MoS2和石墨对复合材料的机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明, 随着MoS2含量的增加, 复合材料的显微硬度明显降低; MoS2添加量从10%(质量分数, 下同)增加到15\%, 复合材料摩擦系数和磨损率的变化并不明显。随着石墨含量的增加, 复合材料的显微硬度呈逐渐降低的趋势, 在400℃和800℃的摩擦系数呈升高趋势, 石墨添加量为10\%时室温摩擦系数最小。同时添加5%MoS2和10%石墨时, 复合材料的摩擦系数保持在0.48--0.65, 石墨与MoS2之间存在着协同效应, 但是磨损率比添加单一润滑剂时高一个数量级。
The influences of MoS2 and graphite on the tribological properties of Ni--Cr based self--lubricating composites prepared by powder metallurgy were investigated. The results show that the micro--hardness of composites decreases obviously with the increase of content of MoS2. While the friction coefficient and wear rate of the composites don’t change evidently with increasing the content of MoS2 from 10% to 15% (mass fraction). The micro--hardness of composites reduces gradually with the rise of graphite amount, the friction coefficient of composites increases slightly at 400℃and 800℃. When the content of graphite is 10%, the friction coefficient of composite is lowest at room temperature. Addition of 5% MoS2 and 10% graphite, the friction coefficient of composites keeps 0.48--0.65 meaning the synergic lubricating effect between graphite and MoS2, and the wear rate is an order of magnitude higher than that of composites containing MoS2 alone or graphite alone.
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