结合化学气相渗透( CVI)和聚合物先驱体浸渍裂解( PIP)工艺制备出炭纤维增强碳基( C/C)、炭纤维增强碳ˉ碳化硅基( C/CˉSiC)和炭纤维增强碳ˉ硅ˉ锆ˉ氧( C/CˉSiˉZrˉO)复合材料,并对其微观形貌、物相结构、力学性能和导热性能进行测试和表征。结果表明,C/CˉSiˉZrˉO复合材料在外部载荷作用下,纤维脱黏和纤维拔出等应力释放效应显著,弯曲强度优于C/C和C/CˉSiC复合材料；此外,C/C复合材料基体热解炭的导热系数较高,复合材料孔隙率小,结构缺陷较少,声子的平均自由程较长,因此具有较高的导热系数(水平方向69.09 W/(m·K),垂直方向25.28 W/(m·K))。
Carbon fiberˉreinforced carbon composites (C/C), carbon fiber reinforcedˉcarbon and silicon carbide binary matrix composites (C/CˉSiC) and carbon fiber reinforced carbonˉsiliconˉzirconiumˉoxygen matrix composites (C/CˉSiˉZrˉO) were preˉ pared through a combination of chemical vapor infiltration ( CVI) and polymer impregnation pyrolysis. The microscopic morpholoˉ gy, phase structure, mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of the C/C, C/CˉSiC and C/CˉSiˉZrˉO composites were invesˉ tigated by SEM, XRD, EDA and laser flash thermal conductive measurements. Results showed that the flexural strength of the C/CˉSiˉZrˉO composites was higher than that of the C/C and the C/CˉSiC composites, which can be ascribed to their energy absorpˉ tion mechanisms, such as fiber debonding and pullˉout from the matrix. The C/C composites possessed the highest thermal conducˉ tivity (69. 09 W/(m·K) in the parallel direction and 25. 28 W/(m·K) in the vertical direction), which can be accounted for by the high thermal conductivity of the pyrocarbon matrix, a low porosity of the composites, a long phonon mean free path and fewer structural defects.
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