采用原位共沉淀法制备了神府煤/ZnMgAl-水滑石复合材料(SFCoal/ZnMgAl-LDHs),并用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶红外变换红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱分析(EDX)对其进行表征,探讨了沉淀反应pH、晶化时间及煤盐比对SFCoal/ZnMgAl-LDHs的组成、结构及形貌的影响.结果表明,SFcoal/ZnMgAl-LDHs中神府煤微米颗粒表面被纳米片状LDHs包覆,形成典型的微纳米结构.神府煤通过羧基等官能团与LDHs层板羟基产生氢键相互作用,且对Zn2+、Mg2+的选择性络合可调控复合材料的组成及微纳米结构.pH=10时,复合材料结晶度最好.随着煤盐比的增加及晶化时间的缩短,复合材料中LDHs的结晶度下降,水滑石层板与煤大分子相互作用增强,煤表面纳米LDH层板的团聚现象逐渐消失,趋向于垂直于表面取向,且LDHs中锌离子含量显著提高.
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