采用3-硅羟基-1-丙基磺酸(SIT8378.3)和聚氧乙烯十八烷基胺(Ethomeen18/25)在酸化多壁纳米碳管表面上生成长链壳层，相当于“溶剂”，使碳纳米管在没有溶剂时，损耗模量G″高于储能模量G′，具有流体特性。结果表明，长链分子接枝于碳纳米管表面使碳纳米管的直径增大，碳纳米管质量分数为16.03%。碳纳米管在去离子水中稳定分散，渗流阈值为5 mg/g。
Carboxylic-acid functionalized multiwall carbon nanotubes ( MWCNT-COOH ) were first modified by ( CH3 O ) 3 Si ( CH2 ) 3 SO3 H by an esterification reaction of the carboxylic-acid group with a methoxy group, then by hydrolyzing N, N-di ( 2-hydroxyethoxy) ethyl octadecylamine by an ion exchange reaction to form a quaternary ammonium salt as a soft shell of the MWC-NTs. The modified MWCNTs had a larger diameter than the original MWCNTs and their MWCNT content was up to 16. 03 wt%. The loss modulus of the modified MWCNTs is bigger than the storage modulus, which is a characteristic of a solvent-free nanofluid. The modified MWNTs can be well dispersed in deionized water and the resulting dispersion is stable. Their seepage threshold value in water is about 5 mg/g.
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