针对6061-T6铝合金薄板T型接头的双脉冲MIG焊,采用弹塑性有限元方法对其温度场与应力-应变场进行模拟,并将热输入简化为以低频脉冲频率在强、弱脉冲之间周期性转换的热源,同时运用生死单元技术模拟焊丝的填充过程.结果表明:焊后T型接头的残余应力主要集中在焊缝处,其最大值为273MPa,导致受热侧翼板产生了1.61°的角变形.焊接过程中的温度场和应力场均以低频脉冲频率周期性变化,与强脉冲群相比,弱脉冲群阶段的熔池温度较低且体积较小,而熔池及周边金属的受力较大.强、弱脉冲之间的周期性转换引起熔池尺寸及受力的周期性变化,有利于鱼鳞状焊缝和细小均匀的焊缝组织的形成.熔池尺寸、焊接热循环曲线以及T型接头焊接变形的模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,验证了模拟的可靠性.
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