对界面含短纤维的复合材料夹芯梁增韧特性进行了实验和数值研究.采用真空辅助树脂注射工艺制成复合材料夹芯梁,并测定了含增强与未增强复合材料夹芯梁的界面断裂韧性.基于单根短纤维在界面裂纹扩展时其剥离和拔出过程产生的能量耗散,建立了相应的细观模型.然后,假设短纤维在界面内随机均匀分布,得到在单位面积下短纤维能量耗散的宏观表达式.在宏观尺度上,建立了用于界面裂纹扩展分析的双悬臂梁有限元模型,通过引入非线性弹簧单元,以反映界面短纤维所产生的桥联特征,并采用虚裂纹闭合技术计算了裂纹尖端的能量释放率.通过典型复合材料夹芯梁断裂分析和参数讨论,证实了本文中提出的随机分布细观模型预测短纤维耗散能量的有效性.实验及数值结果表明,在复合材料夹芯结构界面中引入短纤维将是一种提高其界面断裂韧性的有效措施.
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